Filter in use should be taken as a piece of lens. From Optics, we know that the refraction is directly related to the thickness of the lens. Repeated refraction will occur for multiple lenses. The design of lens will never include filter as its part. It is certain that filters will affect the quality of image and best to avoid if unnecessary.

Color Compensation Filter is for minor adjustment. Color Correction Filter is for greater adjustment, like 80A, 85 which converts daylight to tungsten and vice versa. The use of Color Temperature Meter together with CC Filter (gelatin) is the most accurate method. Or we can use guides e.g. Kodak's R28 Professional Photo Guide to find the right kind of filter.